Grade 4 ELA South Carolina standards Standards

Written and Oral Communications

Research

Applications of Reading

Foundations of Literacy

Fourth Grade

English Language Arts Overarching Expectations

Write informative/expository texts to analyze and explain complex ideas and information.

Identify and explain a speaker's claim(s) and supporting reasons and evidence.

Evaluate and critique key literary elements that enhance and deepen meaning within and across texts.

Explain how setting and conflict cause characters to change and how conflict(s) contributes to plot development.

Determine and explain how figurative language impacts meaning and contributes to the reader's experience.

Evaluate and critique multimedia presentations of a text or subject, including their impact on an audience.

Determine and explain how visuals (e.g., illustrations, photographs, maps) and/or multimedia elements (e.g., video, audio) contribute to the meaning of a print or non-print text.

Evaluate and critique the development of themes and central ideas within and across texts.

Identify and explain an explicit or implied theme and how it is developed by key details in a literary text.

Identify and explain a stated or implied central idea and how it is developed by supporting details in an informational text.

Evaluate how an author's choice of point of view or perspective shapes style and meaning within and across literary texts.

Compare and contrast the point of view from which different stories are narrated, including the difference between first person and third person; and

explain how different characters' perspectives impact a literary text.

Evaluate and critique how an author's perspective and purpose shape style and meaning within and across informational texts.

Determine and explain how an author's purpose (e.g., what an author wants to answer, explain, or describe) is conveyed through the author's perspective.

Evaluate and critique how an author uses words, phrases, and text structures to craft text.

Compare and contrast the structural elements of literary texts (e.g., narratives, dramas, and poems).

Explain how basic text features contribute to meaning in an informational text; identify the text structures of problem and solution, chronological, and/or compare and contrast.

Explain an author's use of reasons and evidence to support a claim(s) in an informational text.

Summarize and paraphrase text to support comprehension and understanding.

Summarize a text to enhance comprehension:

include plot, theme, and relevant key details for a literary text; and

include a central idea and relevant supporting details for an informational text.

Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases.

Determine or clarify the meaning of known, unknown, and multiple-meaning words and phrases, choosing from an array of strategies:

use context clues (e.g., definitions, examples, restatements) to determine the meaning of a word or phrase;

consult print and digital reference materials to build and integrate background knowledge; and

consult print and digital reference materials to find the pronunciation, part of speech, and to determine or clarify the precise meaning of words and phrases.

Analyze word relationships and nuances in word meanings within literary and informational texts.

Determine an author's use of words and phrases in grade-level literary, informational, and multimedia texts:

distinguish between literal and nonliteral meanings of words and phrases (e.g., take steps);

explain the meaning of commonly occurring similes, metaphors, and idioms;

determine relationships between words (e.g., synonyms and antonyms) to better understand each of the words.

Build and apply a range of academic vocabulary, as well as grade-level appropriate morphology to apply to reading, writing, and speaking.

Identify and use common Greek and Latin roots, base words, and affixes to determine the meaning of words in grade-appropriate content.

Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence.

Write arguments to make a claim about a topic. When writing:

introduce a topic and state an opinion about the topic;

provide reasons supported by facts from a credible source(s); and

group ideas logically using transitional words and phrases; and

provide a concluding statement or section.

Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and provide information. When writing:

introduce a topic clearly;

develop the topic with facts, definitions, details, and/or quotes related to the topic;

group related information into paragraphs and/or sections using transitional words and phrases to link ideas;

use precise language and vocabulary to inform or explain about the topic;

use and explain information from a provided source(s); and

provide a concluding statement or section.

Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences using effective techniques.

Write narratives developing real or imagined experiences. When writing:

establish a situation and setting;

introduce a narrator and/or characters;

organize a plot structure;

use narrative techniques such as dialogue, descriptive language, and sensory details to develop events, setting, and characters;

use a variety of transitional words and phrases to sequence events; and

provide an ending that follows from the narrated experiences or events.

Demonstrate command of standard English grammar and conventions when writing.

Write grammatically correct single and multi-paragraph compositions using a variety of sentence types and phrasing. When writing:

capitalize nouns (historic periods, nationalities, languages) and proper adjectives;

use a comma before a coordinating conjunction in a compound sentence and with dependent clauses;

use frequently occurring nouns (compound); distinguish between and use frequently occurring pronouns (relative), adverbs (relative), verbs (helping and linking), and proper adjectives;

identify and use simple appositive phrases;

order adjectives within sentences according to conventional patterns;

use prepositional phrases;

distinguish between frequently confused words (e.g., to, too, two; there, their, they're);

identify and revise sentence fragments and run-on sentences; and

consult print and multimedia sources to check and correct spelling.

Revise writing to improve clarity and enhance style appropriate to audience, purpose, and task.

Improve writing by planning, revising, editing, and building on personal ideas and the ideas of others to strengthen writing.

Write independently and legibly for a variety of tasks and purposes.

Demonstrate fluent and legible cursive writing skills.

Organize and communicate ideas through a range of formats to engage a variety of audiences.

Present information orally to report on a topic or text, tell a story, or recount an experience. When presenting:

Demonstrate appropriate speaking techniques (e.g., nonverbal cues, appropriate volume, and clear pronunciation) for a variety of purposes and audiences; and

identify and use appropriate digital tools to enhance verbal communication with support from adults.

Through collaboration, react and respond to information while building upon the ideas of others and respecting diverse perspectives.

Participate in structured discussions and collaborations about grade-appropriate topics and texts:

enter a conversation appropriately, listen actively to others, and ask and respond to questions to clarify thinking and express new ideas; and

consider and reflect upon the ideas expressed during conversations.

Evaluate and critique ideas and concepts interactively through listening and speaking.

Demonstrate early phonological awareness to basic phonemic awareness in spoken words.

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Demonstrate knowledge of the organization and basic concepts of print.

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Know and apply phonics and word analysis skills in decoding and encoding words.

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Read and reread grade-appropriate texts with accuracy and expression at an appropriate rate to support comprehension.

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Read a variety of texts orally and silently with accuracy, appropriate rate, expression, and intonation.

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Use critical thinking skills to investigate, evaluate, and synthesize a variety of sources to obtain and refine knowledge.

Conduct short research for inquiry by:

generating a question about a topic; and

examining a provided source.

Determine the credibility of a provided source.

Determine which information is relevant to the topic.

Group related findings.

Cite sources to avoid plagiarism.

Read and write for a variety of purposes, including academic and personal, for extended periods of time.

Acquire, refine, and share knowledge through a variety of multimedia literacies to include written, oral, visual, digital, and interactive texts.

Make inferences to support comprehension.

Collaborate with others and use active listening skills.

Cite evidence to explain and justify reasoning.

Create quality work by adhering to an accepted format.